What is Barrett’s Esophagus?
Barrett’s Esophagus occurs when the lining of the esophagus becomes similar to the lining of the intestine– thicker and red. The lower esophageal sphincter (LES), located between the esophagus and stomach, prevents food from the stomach to rise back up into the esophagus and also prevents back reflux of stomach acid. This can ultimately lead to the damage of the esophagus called gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Acid reflux, common in GERD, can cause Barrett’s Esophagus.
It isn’t common for everyone with acid reflux to get Barrett’s Esophagus. However, in those with frequent acid reflux, the cells in the esophagus can start to be replaced by cells similar to those found in the intestine–causing Barrett’s Esophagus.
What are the symptoms?
- Trouble swallowing
- Heartburn
- Chest pain
- Cough
- Bloody stool
- Weight Loss
- Nausea
- Burning sensation in the throat
- Cases of Laryngitis
How is Barrett’s Esophagus diagnosed & treated?
This condition is typically diagnosed through an upper endoscopy and biopsy. It is recommended by the American Gastroenterological Association to get tested if multiple risk factors are found.
The most common medication classes to treat Barrett’s Esophagus include proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), antacids, histamine 2 (H2) blockers, promotility agents or baclofen. It is also recommended to get normal endoscopies every 2 to 3 years to keep track of the condition. In more serious conditions, procedures may include radiofrequency ablation, surgery, cryotherapy, or laser therapy.
At Home Treatments:
- Avoid foods that can trigger reflux: chocolate, fatty foods, caffeine, spicy foods peppermint
- Avoid alcohol and tobacco
- Lose weight
- Sleep with the head of the bed elevated
- Eat multiple small meals vs. fewer larger meals, and wait 3 hours after eating before lying down
- Stay hydrated
